What is a common effect of tanning that involves the skin appearing dry and rough?

The correct choice highlights the phenomenon of photoaging, which refers to the effects of prolonged sun exposure on the skin over time. One of the hallmark signs of photoaging is the development of dry, rough skin. This occurs as ultraviolet (UV) rays penetrate the skin, damaging the collagen and elastin fibers that maintain skin elasticity and smoothness. Over time, the skin loses its natural moisture, leading to a tougher texture and a more weathered appearance.

In contrast, while sunburn is an immediate response to overexposure to UV radiation, it typically results in red, inflamed skin rather than a persistently dry and rough texture. Acne is generally caused by factors such as hormonal changes, oil production, and bacteria, rather than direct UV exposure, and psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that manifests as red, scaly patches, not as a direct result of tanning. Understanding the implications of photoaging can help individuals make informed choices about sun exposure and skin care.